Your roof does more than keep the rain out; it’s a complete system designed to protect your home, improve efficiency, and enhance curb appeal. But not all roofing systems are the same. In Michigan, where homes face lake-effect snow, heavy rain, and strong winds, choosing the right type of roof is one of the most important decisions you’ll make as a homeowner.

At Herbert Roofing, we’ve helped families across Saginaw, Midland, Traverse City, and Harbor Springs select roofing systems that match both their needs and their budget. In this guide, we’ll break down the most popular types—asphalt, metal, tile, and flat roofing systems and explain the pros, cons, and structural layers of each.

What Makes Up a Roofing System?

A roofing system is not just a single surface but a carefully engineered set of layers that protect your home from top to bottom. Each layer has a unique role to play, and when all parts are working together, your roof can withstand everything from Michigan blizzards to summer storms. Here’s a breakdown of the essential components:

1. Roof Decking (Sheathing)

The foundation of every roof, the decking is usually made of plywood or oriented strand board (OSB). It’s attached directly to your home’s rafters and provides a stable surface for all the other layers. If the decking is weak or rotted, your roof system can fail, even if the shingles look fine. That’s why professional roofing contractors often inspect decking carefully during a roof replacement.

2. Ice and Water Shield

Michigan homeowners know how destructive ice dams can be. This self-adhering waterproof membrane is installed in vulnerable areas, such as roof valleys, eaves, and around chimneys, to stop melting ice or wind-driven rain from seeping into your attic. It’s one of the most critical defenses in a northern climate like Saginaw, Midland, Traverse City, and Harbor Springs.

3. Underlayment

Underlayment is the unsung hero of roofing systems. Typically made from felt or high-performance synthetic materials, this protective layer sits between the decking and the outer roofing material. Its main job is to serve as a secondary water barrier if shingles, tiles, or panels are ever damaged. Synthetic underlayment also resists tearing during high winds, a must-have in areas like Traverse City and Harbor Springs, where storms are frequent.

4. Flashing

Made of aluminum or galvanized steel, flashing is installed around roof penetrations such as chimneys, skylights, dormers, and vents. It’s also laid in valleys where two roof slopes meet. Without flashing, water can easily seep into joints and cause leaks. Quality flashing work separates an amateur from a professional installation by experienced roofers.

5. Ventilation

Ventilation is one of the most overlooked parts of a roofing system, but it’s essential for a healthy home. Intake vents (at the soffits) and exhaust vents (at the ridge or gables) create airflow that removes heat and moisture from your attic. Without ventilation, your home may suffer from mold, ice damming, and higher energy bills. Herbert Roofing often emphasizes ventilation upgrades for Midland and Saginaw homeowners who notice condensation problems.

6. Insulation

Insulation works hand-in-hand with ventilation. While it isn’t technically part of the roof itself, it completes the system by regulating heat flow. Sound attic insulation keeps warm air inside during Michigan winters and helps reduce cooling costs in the summer. It also prevents ice dams by keeping the roof deck cold.

7. The Outer Roofing Layer (Shingles, Panels, or Tiles)

Finally, the visible surface, whether it’s asphalt shingles, standing seam metal panels, or clay tiles, acts as the first barrier against rain, snow, and UV rays. This is what most people picture when they think of a roof, but without the underlying system, the outer layer cannot function properly.

Asphalt Roofing Systems

Asphalt shingles are the most popular choice among Michigan homeowners. Known for their affordability and versatility, asphalt systems can be tailored to fit nearly any home style.

Layers in Asphalt Roofing Systems

1. Decking – Standard wood base.
2. Ice & Water Shield – Often extended in valleys and near eaves for Michigan winters.
3. Synthetic Underlayment – Adds extra water protection.
4. Starter Strip Shingles – Provides a secure foundation row.
5. Asphalt Shingles (3-tab, architectural, or luxury) – The main protective and decorative layer.
6. Ridge Cap Shingles – Protects peaks from wind and water intrusion.

Pros

• Affordable and widely available.
• Many style and color options.
• Relatively easy roof repair and replacement.

Cons

• Shorter lifespan compared to metal or tile (15–30 years).
• More prone to damage in high winds and hail.

Metal Roofing Systems

Metal roofs have surged in popularity, especially in areas like Traverse City and Harbor Springs, where heavy snow and strong winds demand durability.

Layers in Metal Roofing Systems

1. Decking – Reinforced for strength.
2. Ice & Water Shield – Essential under metal panels to prevent leaks.
3. Synthetic Underlayment – Moisture and heat-resistant.
4. Metal Panels (standing seam, corrugated, or metal shingles) – Strong outer layer.
5. Ridge and Gable Caps – Seals edges and ensures weatherproofing.

Pros

• Extremely durable (40–70 years lifespan).
• Resistant to fire, wind, and snow.
• Energy-efficient—reflects sunlight, lowering cooling costs.

Cons

• Higher upfront cost compared to asphalt.
• It can be noisier in heavy rain if not adequately insulated.

Tile Roofing Systems

Tile roofs, often made of clay or concrete, are less common in Michigan but offer unmatched style and longevity for homeowners seeking a distinctive look.

Layers in Tile Roofing Systems

1. Decking – Must be reinforced to handle heavy weight.
2. Underlayment – Often doubled for maximum moisture resistance.
3. Battens (optional) – Wooden strips to secure tile placement.
4. Tile Shingles (clay, concrete, or composite) – Thick, interlocking pieces.
5. Hip and Ridge Tiles – Specialized caps to finish the look and seal joints.

Pros

• It can last over 75 years with proper installation.
• Excellent insulation and energy efficiency.
• Highly resistant to fire and insects.

Cons

• Very heavy, requires strong roof framing.
• Expensive installation and repair costs.
• Can crack in freeze-thaw Michigan cycles without proper sealing.

Flat Roofing Systems

Flat roofs are standard on commercial buildings and modern-style homes. Many Michigan homeowners in Saginaw and Midland choose flat roofing for garages, porches, or additions.

Layers in Flat Roofing Systems

1. Decking – Must be completely smooth and level.
2. Vapor Barrier – Protects against condensation.
3. Rigid Insulation Board – Improves energy performance.
4. Membrane (EPDM, TPO, or Modified Bitumen) – Provides the main waterproof seal.
5. Gravel or Coating (optional) – Adds durability and UV protection.

Pros

• Affordable compared to pitched systems.
• Provides usable space (rooftop decks, solar panels, HVAC).
• Easy access for roof repair and maintenance.

Cons

• Shorter lifespan (10–25 years).
• It can collect water if not properly sloped and drained.

Choosing the Right Roofing System

So, which roofing system is right for your Michigan home? The answer depends on:

• Budget – Asphalt is the most affordable, while tile is the most expensive.
• Climate – Metal roofing is excellent for snow-heavy Traverse City winters.
• Home Style – Tile provides a distinctive look, while asphalt fits most homes.
• Longevity Goals – Metal and tile can last for decades, while asphalt and flat roofing may require earlier roof replacement.

That’s where working with a professional roofing company like Herbert Roofing makes all the difference. Our experienced roofers provide honest recommendations, whether you need a minor roof repair or a complete system replacement.

Protect Your Michigan Home with the Right Roof

Your roof is more than a single layer; it’s a complete system designed to safeguard your home. From Saginaw to Midland and Harbor Springs to Traverse City, Herbert Roofing has installed every type of roofing system to match Michigan’s unique weather challenges.

Contact Herbert Roofing today for an estimate and find out which roofing system is right for your Michigan home.