Your roof does more than keep the rain out; it’s a complete system designed to protect your home, improve efficiency, and enhance curb appeal. But not all roofing systems are the same. In Michigan, where homes face lake-effect snow, heavy rain, and strong winds, choosing the right type of roof is one of the most important decisions you’ll make as a homeowner.
At Herbert Roofing, we’ve helped families across Saginaw, Midland, Traverse City, and Harbor Springs select roofing systems that match both their needs and their budget. In this guide, we’ll break down the most popular types—asphalt, metal, tile, and flat roofing systems and explain the pros, cons, and structural layers of each.
What Makes Up a Roofing System?
A roofing system is not just a single surface but a carefully engineered set of layers that protect your home from top to bottom. Each layer has a unique role to play, and when all parts are working together, your roof can withstand everything from Michigan blizzards to summer storms. Here’s a breakdown of the essential components:
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Roof Decking (Sheathing)
The foundation of every roof, the decking is usually made of plywood or oriented strand board (OSB). It’s attached directly to your home’s rafters and provides a stable surface for all the other layers. If the decking is weak or rotted, your roof system can fail, even if the shingles look fine. That’s why professional roofing contractors often inspect decking carefully during a roof replacement.
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Ice and Water Shield
Michigan homeowners know how destructive ice dams can be. This self-adhering waterproof membrane is installed in vulnerable areas, such as roof valleys, eaves, and around chimneys, to stop melting ice or wind-driven rain from seeping into your attic. It’s one of the most critical defenses in a northern climate like Saginaw, Midland, Traverse City, and Harbor Springs.
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Underlayment
Underlayment is the unsung hero of roofing systems. Typically made from felt or high-performance synthetic materials, this protective layer sits between the decking and the outer roofing material. Its main job is to serve as a secondary water barrier if shingles, tiles, or panels are ever damaged. Synthetic underlayment also resists tearing during high winds, a must-have in areas like Traverse City and Harbor Springs, where storms are frequent.
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Flashing
Made of aluminum or galvanized steel, flashing is installed around roof penetrations such as chimneys, skylights, dormers, and vents. It’s also laid in valleys where two roof slopes meet. Without flashing, water can easily seep into joints and cause leaks. Quality flashing work separates an amateur from a professional installation by experienced roofers.
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Ventilation
Ventilation is one of the most overlooked parts of a roofing system, but it’s essential for a healthy home. Intake vents (at the soffits) and exhaust vents (at the ridge or gables) create airflow that removes heat and moisture from your attic. Without ventilation, your home may suffer from mold, ice damming, and higher energy bills. Herbert Roofing often emphasizes ventilation upgrades for Midland and Saginaw homeowners who notice condensation problems.
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Insulation
Insulation works hand-in-hand with ventilation. While it isn’t technically part of the roof itself, it completes the system by regulating heat flow. Sound attic insulation keeps warm air inside during Michigan winters and helps reduce cooling costs in the summer. It also prevents ice dams by keeping the roof deck cold.
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The Outer Roofing Layer (Shingles, Panels, or Tiles)
Finally, the visible surface, whether it’s asphalt shingles, standing seam metal panels, or clay tiles, acts as the first barrier against rain, snow, and UV rays. This is what most people picture when they think of a roof, but without the underlying system, the outer layer cannot function properly.
Asphalt Roofing Systems
Asphalt shingles are the most popular choice among Michigan homeowners. Known for their affordability and versatility, asphalt systems can be tailored to fit nearly any home style.
Layers in Asphalt Roofing Systems
- Decking – Standard wood base.
- Ice & Water Shield – Often extended in valleys and near eaves for Michigan winters.
- Synthetic Underlayment – Adds extra water protection.
- Starter Strip Shingles – Provides a secure foundation row.
- Asphalt Shingles (3-tab, architectural, or luxury) – The main protective and decorative layer.
- Ridge Cap Shingles – Protects peaks from wind and water intrusion.
Pros
- Affordable and widely available.
- Many style and color options.
- Relatively easy roof repair and replacement.
Cons
- Shorter lifespan compared to metal or tile (15–30 years).
- More prone to damage in high winds and hail.
Metal Roofing Systems
Metal roofs have surged in popularity, especially in areas like Traverse City and Harbor Springs, where heavy snow and strong winds demand durability.
Layers in Metal Roofing Systems
- Decking – Reinforced for strength.
- Ice & Water Shield – Essential under metal panels to prevent leaks.
- Synthetic Underlayment – Moisture and heat-resistant.
- Metal Panels (standing seam, corrugated, or metal shingles) – Strong outer layer.
- Ridge and Gable Caps – Seals edges and ensures weatherproofing.
Pros
- Extremely durable (40–70 years lifespan).
- Resistant to fire, wind, and snow.
- Energy-efficient—reflects sunlight, lowering cooling costs.
Cons
- Higher upfront cost compared to asphalt.
- It can be noisier in heavy rain if not adequately insulated.
Tile Roofing Systems
Tile roofs, often made of clay or concrete, are less common in Michigan but offer unmatched style and longevity for homeowners seeking a distinctive look.
Layers in Tile Roofing Systems
- Decking – Must be reinforced to handle heavy weight.
- Underlayment – Often doubled for maximum moisture resistance.
- Battens (optional) – Wooden strips to secure tile placement.
- Tile Shingles (clay, concrete, or composite) – Thick, interlocking pieces.
- Hip and Ridge Tiles – Specialized caps to finish the look and seal joints.
Pros
- It can last over 75 years with proper installation.
- Excellent insulation and energy efficiency.
- Highly resistant to fire and insects.
Cons
- Very heavy, requires strong roof framing.
- Expensive installation and repair costs.
- Can crack in freeze-thaw Michigan cycles without proper sealing.
Flat Roofing Systems
Flat roofs are standard on commercial buildings and modern-style homes. Many Michigan homeowners in Saginaw and Midland choose flat roofing for garages, porches, or additions.
Layers in Flat Roofing Systems
- Decking – Must be completely smooth and level.
- Vapor Barrier – Protects against condensation.
- Rigid Insulation Board – Improves energy performance.
- Membrane (EPDM, TPO, or Modified Bitumen) – Provides the main waterproof seal.
- Gravel or Coating (optional) – Adds durability and UV protection.
Pros
- Affordable compared to pitched systems.
- Provides usable space (rooftop decks, solar panels, HVAC).
- Easy access for roof repair and maintenance.
Cons
- Shorter lifespan (10–25 years).
- It can collect water if not properly sloped and drained.
Choosing the Right Roofing System
So, which roofing system is right for your Michigan home? The answer depends on:
- Budget – Asphalt is the most affordable, while tile is the most expensive.
- Climate – Metal roofing is excellent for snow-heavy Traverse City winters.
- Home Style – Tile provides a distinctive look, while asphalt fits most homes.
- Longevity Goals – Metal and tile can last for decades, while asphalt and flat roofing may require earlier roof replacement.
That’s where working with a professional roofing company like Herbert Roofing makes all the difference. Our experienced roofers provide honest recommendations, whether you need a minor roof repair or a complete system replacement.
Protect Your Michigan Home with the Right Roof
Your roof is more than a single layer; it’s a complete system designed to safeguard your home. From Saginaw to Midland and Harbor Springs to Traverse City, Herbert Roofing has installed every type of roofing system to match Michigan’s unique weather challenges.
Contact Herbert Roofing today for an estimate and find out which roofing system is right for your Michigan home.
Choosing Materials and Contractor
Question: Which shingles and which local roofing company should I pick?
Materials:
- Asphalt shingles are the dominant choice for residential roofing across the U.S. and Michigan, because they cost less and are easier to install. GAF
- Brand matters. For instance, GAF is North America’s largest roofing manufacturer and certifies certain contractors to give stronger warranties. GAF
- If you’re selecting between brands like GAF or CertainTeed, check their warranty options and whether the contractor is “Factory-Certified”.
Contractor:
- Choose a local roofing company experienced with Michigan weather (snow loads, ice dams, proper ventilation for cold climates).
- Ensure they are licensed, insured, and can provide roofing system warranties, not just material warranties.
- Ask for references, check local reviews, and verify they are comfortable working with permits in areas such as Saginaw, Midland, Bay City, Traverse City, and Harbor Springs.
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Shingle Tier
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Typical Lifespan*
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Pros |
Cons |
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Basic 3-tab asphalt
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~20–25 years
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Lower cost
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Less durability, fewer style options
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Architectural (dimensional) asphalt
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~25–30 years or more
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Better durability, looks better
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Higher upfront cost
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Premium asphalt / enhanced warranties
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30+ years *if well maintained
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Longest asphalt option
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Highest cost of asphalt category
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*Life spans vary heavily by climate, installation, and maintenance.
Pro vs. Con: Hiring a Certified Contractor
Pros
- Certified teams can offer stronger warranties
- Better trained in proper roof system installation
- More likely to understand local Michigan code & climate issues
Cons
- Generally, a higher upfront cost
- Might require more lead time (busy season)
Budgeting & Financing
Question: How much will this cost, and how can I afford it?
As of 2023, the average cost of replacing an asphalt shingle roof in the U.S. is about $14,959. GAF Keep in mind this average includes many regions and sizes; your cost in Michigan may vary due to local labor, permit costs, disposal of old materials, snow-load requirements, etc.
Factors that influence cost:
- Size and pitch of your roof
- Complexity (dormers, hips, valleys)
- Materials chosen (basic vs premium)
- Local building codes and permit fees
- Removal of old roof vs overlay
- Ventilation improvements, attic insulation
- Warranty type and contractor certification
Financing Options
Many local roofing companies (including Herbert Roofing) offer roof financing (monthly payments) or help you apply for home-improvement loans. Also, replacing your roof now may save on future repair costs (which would be more costly if damage occurs before replacement).
Scheduling and Pre-Installation Preparation
Question: What should I expect before installation day?
Once you’ve selected your contractor and signed a contract, the following steps are:
- Schedule the replacement; peak roofing season in Michigan is often late spring through early fall (avoid deep winter if possible).
- Permits & inspections: Your contractor should handle the local permit process for your city (Saginaw, Midland, etc.).
- Material delivery: Shingles, underlayment, and flashing materials will arrive before installation.
- Prepare your property:
- Remove vehicles from the driveway if roofers need access.
- Clear valuables (sensitive electronics) from the attic in case of vibrations.
- Board up or protect landscaping near the house (shingle nails can scatter).
- Old roof removal plan: If your roof has two or more layers of shingles, local Michigan codes may require a full tear-off.
- Weather contingency plan: Since Michigan weather can change rapidly, agree with your roofer on a backup date or plan in case of rain or snow.
Maintenance Plan & Longevity
Question: How do I ensure my new roof lasts as long as possible?
In Michigan’s climate, longevity is enhanced by:
- Scheduling annual roof inspections (especially after winter or major storms).
- Cleaning debris (leaves, branches) off roofs and in gutters.
- Maintaining attic ventilation and insulation (to prevent ice dams and excessive heat).
- Watching for moss or algae and addressing quickly — they can shorten shingle life.
- According to This Old House, climate and maintenance are significant factors in lifespan variation. This Old House
- Respect the warranty conditions (for example, some warranties require certified installation, restrict walking on shingles, or limit colors).
- Consider adding features such as ridge vents or ice-dam barriers if they are not already installed.
How Roof Replacement Works in Michigan’s Climate
When you live in Michigan (snow, freeze/thaw cycles, high winds by the lakeshore), these climate-specific considerations matter:
- Ice dams: Without proper underlayment and ventilation, melting snow refreezes at eaves and forces water under shingles. Use an ice-dam barrier.
- Snow load & steep pitch: Roof pitch affects snow shedding; steep roofs may cost more but shed snow more reliably.
- Wind/snow exposure: Particularly in Bay City, Traverse City, or Harbor Springs near the Great Lakes. Choose shingles rated for higher wind resistance.
- Temperature swings: These cause expansion/contraction, which can reduce shingle life.
- Regional code/permit differences: Roofing requirements may differ by county or municipality; your local roofing company should know.
Undertaking a roof replacement is one of the most significant investments you’ll make for your home, especially in Michigan’s climate. By working with a trusted local roofing company like Herbert Roofing, choosing the right materials (such as GAF or CertainTeed asphalt shingles), and following a transparent process from inspection through maintenance, you’ll protect your home, enhance curb appeal, and improve resale value.
If you’re in Saginaw, Midland, Bay City, Traverse City, Harbor Springs, or nearby Michigan areas and think it may be time for a roof replacement (or want a professional inspection), contact Herbert Roofing today. Let us help you plan a roof that’s built for Michigan and built to last.
1. How do I know if I need a full roof replacement or just repairs?
If your roof only has a few missing or cracked shingles, a quick repair might do the trick. But when you see widespread curling shingles, granules collecting in your gutters, multiple leaks, sagging areas, or sunlight peeking through your attic, it’s usually time for a full roof replacement. In Michigan, where harsh winters and temperature swings take their toll, waiting too long can make the damage worse. According to GAF, these symptoms indicate that a new roof will better protect your home than ongoing patchwork repairs.
2. How long does an asphalt shingle roof typically last in Michigan?
Under normal conditions, asphalt shingle roofs last about 20–30 years. However, Michigan’s freeze-thaw cycles, heavy snow, and moisture can shorten that lifespan. If your roof is nearing 20 years old, it’s smart to schedule an inspection.
3. What brands and warranties should I look for when replacing my roof?
Two of the most trusted roofing brands in the U.S. are GAF and CertainTeed. Both offer multi-layer roofing systems designed for durability and backed by strong manufacturer warranties. The key is hiring a factory-certified contractor, like Herbert Roofing, because certification allows you to qualify for enhanced system warranties that cover not just the materials, but also the workmanship. GAF recommends registering your new roof to ensure the warranty remains active.
4. Can I finance a roof replacement, and what should I budget for?
Yes — most local roofing companies, including Herbert Roofing, offer roof financing options or can help you apply for a home-improvement loan. This makes it easier to spread out payments rather than paying the full amount up front. The average asphalt shingle roof replacement in the U.S. was around $14,959 in 2023 (according to GAF data), but your exact cost will depend on your roof size, materials, and design complexity. A certified contractor can help you customize a quote that fits both your budget and your long-term home goals.
5. What should I expect on installation day, and how can I prepare?
Roof replacement day can be busy, but it’s a smooth process when you plan. The crew will start by tearing off the old shingles and inspecting the deck for damage. Then they’ll install underlayment, flashing, and ice-dam barriers, followed by your new shingles. Before the team arrives, move vehicles out of the driveway, cover or move outdoor items, and protect landscaping from debris. A reputable roofer will handle cleanup, magnet sweep for nails, and a final inspection to ensure everything meets code.
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